Volume 6- Book 65 Prophetic Commentary on the Qur’an (Tafseer of the Prophet (pbuh)
Hadith List
4. Surat an-Nisa’ (Women
(1) “And if you fear that you shall not be able to deal justly with the orphan girls…” (V.4:3)
Sahih Bukhari Hadith Number 4573
Narrated Aisha: There was an orphan girl under the care of a man. He married her and she owned a date-palm garden. He married her just because of that and not because he loved her. So the Divine Verse came regarding his case: “If you fear that you shall not be able to deal justly with the orphan girls…” (4.3) The sub-narrator added: I think he said, “That orphan girl was his partner in that date-palm garden and in his property.”
Sahih Bukhari Hadith Number 4574
Narrated Urwa bin Az-Zubair: That he asked Aisha regarding the Statement of Allah: “If you fear that you shall not be able to deal justly with the orphan girls…” (4.3). She said, “O son of my sister! An orphan girl used to be under the care of a guardian with whom she shared property. Her guardian, being attracted by her wealth and beauty, would intend to marry her without giving her a just Mahr, i.e. the same Mahr as any other person might give her in case he married her. So such guardians were forbidden to do that unless they did justice to their female wards and gave them the highest Mahr their peers might get. They were ordered by Allah to marry women of their choice other than those orphan girls.” Aisha added, "The people asked Allah's Messenger (peace be upon him) his instructions after the revelation of this Divine Verse whereupon Allah revealed: 'They ask your instruction regarding women' (4.127)." Aisha further said, “And the Statement of Allah: ‘And yet whom you desire to marry.’ (4.127) means anyone of you refrains from marrying an orphan girl under his guardianship when she is lacking in property and beauty.” `Aisha added, “So they were forbidden to marry those orphan girls for whose wealth and beauty they had a desire unless with justice, and that was because they would refrain from marrying them if they were lacking in property and beauty.”
(2) “…But if he (the guardian) is poor, let him have for himself what is just and reasonable (according to his work). And when you release their property to them, take witness in their presence; and Allah is All-Sufficient in taking account.” (V.4:6)
Sahih Bukhari Hadith Number 4575
Narrated Aisha: Regarding the Statement of Allah: “And whoever amongst the guardian is rich, he should take no wages, but if he is poor, let him have for himself what is just and reasonable (according to his work).” This Verse was revealed regarding the orphan’s property. If the guardian is poor, he can take from the property of the orphan, what is just and reasonable according to his work and the time he spends on managing it.
(3) “And when the relatives and the orphans and the poor are present at the time of division…” (V.4:8)
Sahih Bukhari Hadith Number 4576
Narrated Ikrima: Ibn `Abbas said regarding the verse, “And when the relatives and the orphans and the poor are present at the time of division” — this verse and its order is valid and not abrogated.
(4) “Allah commands you as regards your children’s (inheritance)…” (V.4:11)
Sahih Bukhari Hadith Number 4577
Narrated Jabir: The Prophet (peace be upon him) and Abu Bakr came on foot to pay me a visit during my illness at Banu Salama’s dwellings. The Prophet (peace be upon him) found me unconscious, so he asked for water and performed ablution from it and sprinkled some water over me. I came to my senses and said, “O Allah’s Messenger (peace be upon him)! What do you order me to do as regards my wealth?” So there was revealed: “Allah commands you as regards your children’s (inheritance):” (4.11)
(5) Allah’s Statement: “In that which your wives leave, your share is a half…” (V.4:12)
Sahih Bukhari Hadith Number 4578
Narrated Ibn `Abbas: In the Pre-Islamic Period the children used to inherit all the property but the parents used to inherit only through a will. So Allah cancelled that which He liked to cancel and decreed that the share of a son was to be twice the share of a daughter, and for the parents one-sixth for each one of them, or one third, and for the wife one-eighth or one-fourth, and for the husband one-half or one-fourth.
(6) “…You are forbidden to inherit women against their will, and you should not treat them with harshness, that you may take back part of the Mahr (bridal money given by the husband to his wife at the time of marriage) you have given them…” (V.4:19)
Sahih Bukhari Hadith Number 4579
Narrated Ibn `Abbas: Regarding the Divine Verse: “O you who believe! You are forbidden to inherit women against their will, and you should not treat them with harshness that you may take back part of the (Mahr) dower you have given them.” (4.19) Before this revelation, if a man died, his relatives used to have the right to inherit his wife, and one of them could marry her if he wished, or they would give her in marriage if they wished, or if they wished, they would not give her in marriage at all, and they would be more entitled to dispose of her than her own relatives. So the above Verse was revealed in this connection.
(7) “And to everyone, We have appointed heirs of that (property) left by parents and relatives. To those, also, with whom you have made a pledge (brotherhood), give them their due portion [by Wasiya (wills)]. Truly, Allah is Ever a Witness over all things.” (4:33)
Sahih Bukhari Hadith Number 4580
Narrated Ibn Abbas: Regarding the Verse: “To everyone, We have appointed heirs.” (4.33) ‘Mawali’ means heirs. And regarding: “And those to whom your right hands have pledged.” When the Emigrants came to Medina, an Emigrant used to be the heir of an Ansari with the exclusion of the latter’s relatives, and that was because of the bond of brotherhood which the Prophet (peace be upon him) had established between them (i.e. the Emigrants and the Ansar). So when the Verse: “To everyone We have appointed heirs” was revealed, the inheritance through the bond of brotherhood was cancelled. Ibn Abbas then said: “And those to whom your right hands have pledged” is concerned with the covenant of helping and advising each other. So allies are no longer to be the heirs of each other, but they can bequeath each other some of their property by means of a will.
(8) “Surely! Allah wrongs not even of the weight of an atom (or a small ant)…” (4:40)
Sahih Bukhari Hadith Number 4581
Narrated Abu Sa`id Al-Khudri: During the lifetime of the Prophet (peace be upon him) some people said, “O Allah’s Messenger (peace be upon him)! Shall we see our Lord on the Day of Resurrection?” The Prophet (peace be upon him) said, “Yes. Do you have any difficulty in seeing the sun at midday when it is bright and there is no cloud in the sky?” They replied, “No.” He said, “Do you have any difficulty in seeing the moon on a full moon night when it is bright and there is no cloud in the sky?” They replied, “No.” The Prophet (peace be upon him) said, “(Similarly) you will have no difficulty in seeing Allah on the Day of Resurrection as you have no difficulty in seeing either of them. On the Day of Resurrection, a caller will announce: ‘Let every nation follow that which they used to worship.’ Then all those who used to worship anything other than Allah — idols and false deities — will fall into Hell. Only those who used to worship Allah will remain, both the obedient and the disobedient, and also a group from the People of the Book. Then the Jews will be called upon and it will be said to them, ‘Whom did you worship?’ They will say, ‘We used to worship Ezra, the son of Allah.’ It will be said to them, ‘You are liars, for Allah has never taken anyone as a wife or a son. What do you want now?’ They will say, ‘O our Lord! We are thirsty, so give us something to drink.’ They will be directed and addressed, ‘Will you not drink?’ Then they will be gathered to Hell, which will appear like a mirage, and they will fall into it. Afterwards the Christians will be called upon and it will be said to them, ‘Whom did you worship?’ They will say, ‘We used to worship Jesus, the son of Allah.’ It will be said to them, ‘You are liars, for Allah has never taken anyone as a wife or a son. What do you want now?’ They will answer as the previous people answered. Then, when none remains except those who worshipped Allah, both the righteous and the sinful, Allah, the Lord of the worlds, will come to them in a form closest to what they had imagined and say, ‘What are you waiting for? Every nation has followed what they used to worship.’ They will reply, ‘We left the people in the world when we needed them most, and we did not take them as friends. Now we are waiting for our Lord Whom we used to worship.’ Allah will say, ‘I am your Lord.’ They will answer twice or thrice, ‘We do not worship anyone but Allah.'”
(9) “How (will it be) then when We bring from each nation a witness and We bring you (O Muhammad) as a witness against these people?” (4:41)
Sahih Bukhari Hadith Number 4582
Narrated Abdullah bin Masud: Allah’s Messenger (peace be upon him) said to me, “Recite (the Qur’an) for me.” I said, “Shall I recite it to you, though it was revealed to you?” He said, “I like to hear it from others.” So I recited Surat an-Nisa’ until I reached: “How (will it be) then when We bring from each nation a witness and We bring you (O Muhammad) as a witness against these people?” (4.41) Then he said, “Stop!” And behold, his eyes were overflowing with tears.
(10) “…And if you are ill, or on a journey, or one of you comes after answering the call of nature…” (4:43)
Sahih Bukhari Hadith Number 4583
Narrated Aisha: The necklace of Asma’ was lost, so the Prophet (peace be upon him) sent some men to look for it. The time for prayer became due and they had not performed ablution and could not find water, so they prayed without ablution. Then Allah revealed the Verse of Tayammum.
(11) “Obey Allah and obey the Messenger (Muhammad, peace be upon him) and those of you (Muslims) who are in authority…” (4:59)
Sahih Bukhari Hadith Number 4584
Narrated Ibn Abbas: The Verse: “Obey Allah and obey the Messenger and those of you who are in authority.” (4:59) was revealed in connection with Abdullah bin Hudhafa bin Qais bin Adi when the Prophet (peace be upon him) appointed him as the commander of a military detachment.
(12) “But no, by your Lord, they can have no faith until they make you (Muhammad, peace be upon him) judge in all disputes between them…” (4:65)
Sahih Bukhari Hadith Number 4585
Narrated Urwa: Az-Zubair quarreled with a man from the Ansar regarding a water stream at Al-Harra. The Prophet (peace be upon him) said, “O Zubair! Irrigate (your land) and then let the water flow to your neighbor.” The Ansari said, “O Allah’s Messenger (peace be upon him)! (Is it because) he is your cousin?” At that, the Prophet’s face became red with anger and he said, “O Zubair! Irrigate (your land), then withhold the water until it reaches the walls, then release it to your neighbor.” Thus the Prophet (peace be upon him) enabled Zubair to take his full right after the Ansari had provoked his anger. The Prophet (peace be upon him) had initially given a ruling that was fair to both, but when the Ansari objected, he ruled in favor of Zubair completely. Az-Zubair said, “I do not think except that this Verse was revealed about that case: ‘But no, by your Lord, they can have no faith until they make you judge in all disputes between them.’ (4:65)”
(13) “…Then they will be in the company of those on whom Allah has bestowed His Grace, of the Prophets…” (4:69)
Sahih Bukhari Hadith Number 4586
Narrated Aisha: I heard Allah’s Messenger (peace be upon him) saying, “No prophet becomes ill but he is given the choice to select either this world or the Hereafter.” Aisha added: During his fatal illness, his voice became very husky and I heard him saying: “In the company of those upon whom Allah has bestowed His Grace, of the prophets, the truthful ones, the martyrs, and the righteous.” (4:69) From this I knew that he had been given the option.
(14) “And what is wrong with you that you fight not in the Cause of Allah… (till) … whose people are oppressors…” (4:75)
Sahih Bukhari Hadith Number 4587
Narrated Ibn Abbas: My mother and I were among the weak and oppressed Muslims at Mecca.
Sahih Bukhari Hadith Number 4588
Narrated Ibn Abi Mulaika: Ibn Abbas recited: “Except the weak ones among men, women and children,” (4:98) and said, “My mother and I were among those whom Allah had excused.”
(15) “Then what is the matter with you that you are divided into two parties about the hypocrites? Allah has cast them back (to disbelief) because of what they have earned…” (4:88)
Sahih Bukhari Hadith Number 4589
Narrated Zaid bin Thabit: Regarding the Verse: “Then what is the matter with you that you are divided into two parties about the hypocrites?” (4:88) Some of the companions of the Prophet (peace be upon him) returned from the battle of Uhud and the Muslims got divided into two parties; one of them was in favor of their execution and the other was not. So there was revealed: “Then what is the matter with you that you are divided into two parties about the hypocrites?” (4:88). Then the Prophet (peace be upon him) said, “It (i.e. Medina) is Tayyiba (good). It expels impurities as the fire expels the impurities of silver.”
(16) “And whoever kills a believer intentionally, his recompense is Hell…” (4:93)
Sahih Bukhari Hadith Number 4590
Narrated Sa`id bin Jubair: The people of Kufa disputed about the above Verse. So I went to Ibn Abbas and asked him about it. He said, “This Verse: ‘And whoever kills a believer intentionally, his recompense is Hell,’ was revealed last of all (concerning premeditated murder) and nothing abrogated it.”
Reference: Sahih al-Bukhari 4590
In-book reference: Book 65, Hadith 112
USC-MSA web (English) reference: Vol. 6, Book 60, Hadith 114
(17) “And say not to anyone who greets you (by embracing Islam), ‘You are not a believer…'” (4:94)
Sahih Bukhari Hadith Number 4591
Narrated Ibn Abbas: Regarding the Verse: “And say not to anyone who offers you peace (by accepting Islam), ‘You are not a believer.'” There was a man amidst his sheep. The Muslims pursued him, and he said to them, “Peace be on you.” But they killed him and took over his sheep. Thereupon Allah revealed in that connection the above Verse up to: “…seeking the perishable good of this life.” (4:94) i.e. those sheep.
(18) “Not equal are those of the believers who sit (at home)…” (4:95)
Sahih Bukhari Hadith Number 4592
Narrated Zaid bin Thabit: The Prophet (peace be upon him) dictated to me: “Not equal are those of the believers who sit (at home) and those who strive and fight in the Cause of Allah.” Ibn Um Maktum came while the Prophet (peace be upon him) was dictating to me and said, “O Allah’s Messenger (peace be upon him)! By Allah, if I had the power to fight in Allah’s Cause, I would,” and he was a blind man. So Allah revealed to His Messenger while his thigh was on my thigh, and it became so heavy that I was afraid it might fracture my thigh. Then that state passed and Allah revealed: “Except those who are disabled (by injury or are blind or lame, etc.).”
Sahih Bukhari Hadith Number 4593
Narrated Al-Bara: When the Verse “Not equal are those of the believers who sit (at home)” (4.95) was revealed, Allah’s Messenger (peace be upon him) called for Zaid who wrote it. In the meantime Ibn Um Maktum came and complained of his blindness, so Allah revealed: “Except those who are disabled (by injury or are blind or lame… etc.).” (4.95)
Sahih Bukhari Hadith Number 4594
Narrated Al-Bara: When the Verse “Not equal are those of the believers who sit (at home)” (4:95) was revealed, the Prophet (peace be upon him) said, “Call so-and-so.” That person came with an ink-pot and a wooden board or scapula bone. The Prophet (peace be upon him) said, “Write: ‘Not equal are those believers who sit (at home) and those who strive and fight in the Cause of Allah.'” Ibn Um Maktum, who was sitting behind the Prophet (peace be upon him), said, “O Allah’s Messenger (peace be upon him)! I am a blind man.” So there was revealed in the place of that Verse: “Not equal are those of the believers who sit (at home) except those who are disabled (by injury, or are blind or lame, etc.) and those who strive and fight in the Cause of Allah.” (4:95)
Sahih Bukhari Hadith Number 4595
Narrated Ibn Abbas: “Not equal are those believers who sat (at home) and did not join the Badr battle, and those who joined the Badr battle.”
(19) Allah’s Statement:
“Verily! As for those whom the angels take (in death) while they are wronging themselves (as they stayed among the disbelievers even though emigration was obligatory for them), they (angels) say (to them): In what (condition) were you?…” (4:97)
Sahih Bukhari Hadith Number 4596
Narrated Muhammad bin Abdur-Rahman Abu Al-Aswad:
The people of Medina were forced to prepare an army to fight against the people of Sham during the caliphate of Abdullah bin Az-Zubair at Mecca, and I was enlisted in it. Then I met Ikrima, the freed slave of Ibn Abbas, and informed him about it. He strongly forbade me to do so, and then said: “Ibn Abbas informed me that some Muslim people were with the pagans, increasing their numbers against Allah’s Messenger (peace be upon him). An arrow used to be shot, striking and killing one of them, or he would be struck with a sword and killed.” Then Allah revealed: “Verily! As for those whom the angels take (in death) while they are wronging themselves (by staying among the disbelievers)” (4:97).
(20) “Except the weak ones among men, women…” (4:98)
Sahih Bukhari Hadith Number 4597
Narrated Ibn Abbas:
Regarding the verse: “Except the weak ones” (4:98), he said: “My mother was one of those whom Allah excused.”
(21) “These are they whom Allah is likely to forgive them…” (4:99)
Sahih Bukhari Hadith Number 4598
Narrated Abu Huraira:
While the Prophet (peace be upon him) was offering the Isha prayer, he said: “Allah hears him who sends his praises to Him,” and before falling into prostration he supplicated: “O Allah, save Aiyash bin Rabi’a. O Allah, save Salama bin Hisham. O Allah, save Al-Walid bin Al-Walid. O Allah, save the weak ones among the believers. O Allah, let Your punishment be severe on the tribe of Mudar. O Allah, inflict upon them years of famine like the years of Joseph.”
Reference: Sahih al-Bukhari 4598
(22) “But there is no sin on you if you put away your arms because of the inconvenience of rain…” (4:102)
Sahih Bukhari Hadith Number 4599
Narrated Ibn Abbas:
Regarding the verse: “Because of the inconvenience of rain or because you are ill.” (4:102), it was revealed concerning Abdur-Rahman bin Auf, who was wounded.
(23) Allah’s Statement:
“They ask your legal instruction concerning women, say: Allah instructs you about them, and about what is recited unto you in the Book concerning orphan girls…” (4:127)
Sahih Bukhari Hadith Number 4600
Narrated Aisha:
Regarding the verse: “They ask your instruction concerning the women. Say: Allah instructs you about them and yet whom you desire to marry” (4:127). It was revealed about a man who has an orphan girl, and he is her guardian and heir. The girl shares with him all his property, even a date-palm garden, but he dislikes to marry her and dislikes to give her in marriage to someone else who would share with him the property. For this reason, the guardian prevents that orphan girl from marrying. So this verse was revealed. And Allah’s statement: “If a woman fears cruelty or desertion on her husband’s part.” (4:128).
(24) “If a woman fears cruelty or desertion on her husband’s part…” (4:128)
Sahih Bukhari Hadith Number 4601
Narrated Aisha:
Regarding the verse: “If a woman fears cruelty or desertion on her husband’s part” (4:128). It refers to a man who has a wife but he does not like her and wants to divorce her. She then says to him: “I make you free as regards myself.” So this verse was revealed in this connection.
(25) “Verily, the hypocrites will be in the lowest depths (grade) of the Fire…” (V.4:145)
Sahih Bukhari Hadith Number 4602
Narrated Al-Aswad: While we were sitting in a circle in Abdullah's gathering, Hudhaifa came and stopped before us, and greeted us and then said, "People better than you became hypocrites." Al-Aswad said: I testify the uniqueness of Allah! Allah says: "Verily! The hypocrites will be in the lowest depths of the Fire." (4.145) On that Abdullah smiled and Hudhaifa sat somewhere in the Mosque. Abdullah then got up and his companions (sitting around him) dispersed. Hudhaifa then threw a pebble at me (to attract my attention). I went to him and he said, "I was surprised at Abdullah’s smile though he understood what I said. Verily, people better than you became hypocrite and then repented and Allah forgave them.”
(26) Allah’s Statement: “Verily, We have sent revelation to you, (O Muhammad (peace be upon him)) … (till) … as We sent revelation to Nuh (Noah) and Yunus (Jonah), Harun (Aaron) and Sulaiman (Solomon)…” (V.4:163)
Sahih Bukhari Hadith Number 4603
Narrated `Abdullah: The Prophet (peace be upon him) said, “None has the right to say that I am better than Jonah bin Matta.”
Sahih Bukhari Hadith Number 4604
Narrated Abu Huraira: The Prophet (peace be upon him) said, “Whoever says that I am better than Jonah bin Matta, is a liar.”
(27) “They ask you for a legal verdict. Say: ‘Allah directs (thus) about Al-Kalala (those who leave neither descendants nor ascendants as heirs). If it is a man that dies, leaving a sister, but no child, she shall have half the inheritance. If (such a deceased was) a woman who left no child, her brother takes her inheritance…” (V.4:176)
Sahih Bukhari Hadith Number 4605
Narrated Al-Bara: The last Sura that was revealed was Bara’a, and the last Verse that was revealed was: “They ask you for a legal verdict, Say: Allah directs (thus) about those who leave no descendants or ascendants as heirs.” (4.176)
(5) Surat al-Ma’idah (The Spread Table)
(2) Allah’s Statement: “This day, I have perfected your religion for you…” (V.5:3)
Sahih Bukhari Hadith Number 4606
Narrated Tariq bin Shihab: The Jews said to Umar, "You (i.e. Muslims) recite a Verse, and had it been revealed to us, we would have taken the day of its revelation as a day of celebration." Umar said, “I know very well when and where it was revealed, and where Allah’s Messenger (peace be upon him) was when it was revealed. (It was revealed on) the day of Arafat (Hajj Day), and by Allah, I was at Arafat.” Sufyan, a sub-narrator said: I am in doubt whether the Verse: “This day I have perfected your religion for you.” was revealed on a Friday or not.
(3) Allah’s Statement: “…And you find no water, then perform Tayammum with clean earth…” (V.5:6)
Sahih Bukhari Hadith Number 4607
Narrated Aisha: The wife of the Prophet (peace be upon him) said: We set out with Allah’s Messenger (peace be upon him) on one of his journeys, and when we were at Baida’ or at Dhat-al-Jaish, a necklace of mine was broken (and lost). Allah’s Messenger (peace be upon him) stayed there to look for it, and so did the people along with him. Neither were they at a place of water, nor did they have any water with them. So the people went to Abu Bakr As-Siddiq and said, “Don’t you see what `Aisha has done? She has made Allah’s Messenger (peace be upon him) and the people stay where there is no water and they have no water with them.” Abu Bakr came while Allah’s Messenger (peace be upon him) was sleeping with his head on my thigh. He said (to me), “You have detained Allah’s Messenger (peace be upon him) and the people where there is no water, and they have no water with them.” So he admonished me and said what Allah wished him to say, and he hit me on my flanks with his hand. Nothing prevented me from moving (because of pain) but the position of Allah’s Messenger (peace be upon him) on my thigh. So Allah’s Messenger (peace be upon him) got up when dawn broke and there was no water, so Allah revealed the Verse of Tayammum. Usaid bin Hudair said, “It is not the first blessing of yours, O the family of Abu Bakr.” Then we made the camel on which I was riding get up, and found the necklace under it.
Sahih Bukhari Hadith Number 4608
Narrated Aisha: A necklace of mine was lost at Al-Baida’ and we were on our way to Medina. The Prophet (peace be upon him) made his camel kneel down and dismounted and laid his head on my lap and slept. Abu Bakr came to me and hit me violently on the chest and said, “You have detained the people because of a necklace.” I kept as motionless as a dead person because of the position of Allah’s Messenger (peace be upon him) on my lap, although Abu Bakr had hurt me with the slap. Then the Prophet (peace be upon him) woke up and it was the time for the morning prayer. Water was sought, but in vain; so the following Verse was revealed: “O you who believe! When you intend to offer prayer…” (5.6). Usaid bin Hudair said, “Allah has blessed the people for your sake, O the family of Abu Bakr. You are but a blessing for them.”
(4) The Statement of Allah: “…So go you and your Lord and fight you two, we are sitting right here.” (V.5:24)
Sahih Bukhari Hadith Number 4609
Narrated Abdullah bin Masud: On the day of Badr, Al-Miqdad said, “O Allah’s Messenger (peace be upon him)! We do not say to you as the children of Israel said to Moses, ‘Go you and your Lord and fight you two; we are sitting here.’ (5.24) But we say: ‘Proceed, and we are with you.'” That seemed to delight Allah’s Messenger (peace be upon him) greatly.
(5) “The recompense of those who wage war against Allah and His Messenger, and do mischief in the land is only that they shall be killed or crucified or their hands and feet be cut off from opposite sides…” (V.5:33)
Sahih Bukhari Hadith Number 4610
Narrated Abu Qilaba: He was sitting behind Umar bin Abdul Aziz and the people mentioned and discussed about al-Qasama and they said that the Caliphs had permitted it. Umar bin Abdul Aziz turned towards Abu Qilaba who was behind him and said, “What do you say, O Abdullah bin Zaid?” or said, “What do you say, O Abu Qilaba?” Abu Qilaba said, “I do not know that killing a person is lawful in Islam except in three cases: a married person committing illegal sexual intercourse, one who has murdered somebody unlawfully, or one who wages war against Allah and His Apostle.” Anbasa said, “Anas narrated to us such-and-such.” Abu Qilaba said, “Anas narrated to me in this concern, saying, some people came to the Prophet (peace be upon him) and they spoke to him saying, ‘The climate of this land does not suit us.’ The Prophet (peace be upon him) said, ‘These are camels belonging to us, and they are to be taken out to the pasture. So take them out and drink of their milk and urine.’ So they took them and set out and drank of their urine and milk, and having recovered, they attacked the shepherd, killed him and drove away the camels. Why should there be any delay in punishing them as they murdered a person, waged war against Allah and His Apostle, and frightened Allah’s Messenger (peace be upon him)?” Anbasa said, “I testify the uniqueness of Allah!” Abu Qilaba said, “Do you suspect me?” Anbasa said, “No, Anas narrated that hadith to us.” Then Anbasa added, “O the people of such-and-such (country), you will remain in a good state as long as Allah keeps this man and the like of this man amongst you.”
(6) Allah’s Statement: “…And wounds, equal for equal (Al-Qisas i.e., the law of equality in punishment)…” (V.5:45)
Sahih Bukhari Hadith Number 4611
Narrated Anas bin Malik: Ar-Rubai (the paternal aunt of Anas bin Malik) broke the incisor tooth of a young Ansari girl. Her family demanded Qisas and they came to the Prophet (peace be upon him) who passed the judgment of Qisas. Anas bin An-Nadr (the paternal uncle of Anas bin Malik) said, “O Allah’s Messenger (peace be upon him)! By Allah, her tooth will not be broken.” The Prophet (peace be upon him) said, “O Anas! The law prescribed in Allah’s Book is Qisas.” But the people, i.e., the relatives of the girl, gave up their claim and accepted compensation. On that Allah’s Messenger (peace be upon him) said, “Some of Allah’s worshippers are such that if they take an oath, Allah will fulfill it for them.”
(7) “O Messenger (Muhammad (peace be upon him))! Proclaim (the Message) which has been sent down to you from your Lord…” (V.5:67)
Sahih Bukhari Hadith Number 4612
Narrated Aisha: Whoever tells that Muhammad concealed part of what was revealed to him is a liar, for Allah says: “O Messenger (Muhammad)! Proclaim (the Message) which has been sent down to you from your Lord.” (5.67)
(8) Allah’s Statement: “Allah will not punish you for what is unintentional in your oaths…” (V.5:89)
Sahih Bukhari Hadith Number 4613
Narrated Aisha: This Verse, “Allah will not punish you for what is unintentional in your oaths.” (5.89), was revealed about a man’s statement during his talk: “No, by Allah,” and “Yes, by Allah.”
Sahih Bukhari Hadith Number 4614
Narrated Aisha: That her father Abu Bakr never broke his oath until Allah revealed the order of the legal expiation for oaths. Abu Bakr said, “If I ever take an oath to do something and later find that to do something else is better, then I accept Allah’s permission and do that which is better, and do the legal expiation for my oath.”
(9) The Statement of Allah: “O you who believe! Make not unlawful the Tayyibat (all that is good as regards foods, things, deeds, beliefs, persons) which Allah has made lawful to you…” (5:87)
Sahih Bukhari Hadith Number 4615
Narrated Abdullah: We used to participate in the holy wars carried on by the Prophet (peace be upon him) and we had no women with us. So we said to the Prophet (peace be upon him), “Shall we castrate ourselves?” But the Prophet (peace be upon him) forbade us to do that, and later he allowed us to marry a woman temporarily by giving her even a garment. Then he recited: “O you who believe! Do not make unlawful the good things which Allah has made lawful for you.”
(10) Allah’s Statement: “Intoxicants (all kinds of alcoholic drinks), gambling, Al-Ansab and Al-Azlam (arrows for seeking luck or a decision) are an abomination of Satan’s handiwork…” (5:90)
Sahih Bukhari Hadith Number 4616
Narrated Ibn Umar: The verse prohibiting alcoholic drinks was revealed when there were in Medina five kinds of alcoholic drinks, none of which was produced from grapes.
Sahih Bukhari Hadith Number 4617
Narrated Anas bin Malik: We had no alcoholic drink except that which was produced from dates and which you call Fadikh. While I was standing offering drinks to Abu Talha and some others, a man came and said, “Has the news reached you?” They said, “What is that?” He said, “Alcoholic drinks have been prohibited.” They said, “Spill the contents of these pots, O Anas!” Then they neither asked about it nor returned to it after that news.
Sahih Bukhari Hadith Number 4618
Narrated Jabir: Some people drank alcoholic beverages in the morning of the day of the Uhud battle, and on the same day they were killed as martyrs. That was before wine was prohibited.
Sahih Bukhari Hadith Number 4619
Narrated Ibn Umar: I heard Umar while he was on the pulpit of the Prophet (peace be upon him) saying, “Now then, O people! The revelation about the prohibition of alcoholic drinks has been revealed. Alcoholic drinks are extracted from five things: grapes, dates, honey, wheat and barley. And alcoholic drink is that which confuses and stupefies the mind.”
(11) “Those who believe and do righteous good deeds, there is no sin on them for what they ate (in the past)…” (5:93)
Sahih Bukhari Hadith Number 4620
Narrated Anas: The alcoholic drink which was spilled was Al-Fadikh. I used to offer alcoholic drinks to the people at the residence of Abu Talha. Then the order of prohibiting alcoholic drinks was revealed, and the Prophet (peace be upon him) ordered somebody to announce it. Abu Talha said to me, “Go out and see what this announcement is.” I went out and returned saying, “This is somebody announcing that alcoholic beverages have been prohibited.” Abu Talha said to me, “Go and spill it.” So it was seen flowing through the streets of Medina. At that time the wine was Al-Fadikh. The people said, “Some Muslims were killed during the battle of Uhud while wine was in their stomachs.” So Allah revealed: “On those who believe and do good deeds there is no blame for what they ate (in the past).” (5:93)
(12) Allah’s Statement: “…Ask not about things which, if made plain to you, may cause you trouble…” (5:101)
Sahih Bukhari Hadith Number 4621
Narrated Anas: The Prophet (peace be upon him) delivered a sermon the like of which I had never heard before. He said, “If you but knew what I know, you would laugh little and weep much.” On hearing that, the companions of the Prophet (peace be upon him) covered their faces and the sound of their weeping was heard. A man said, “Who is my father?” The Prophet (peace be upon him) said, “So-and-so.” Then the verse was revealed: “Ask not about things which, if made plain to you, may cause you trouble.” (5:101)
(12) Allah’s Statement: “…Ask not about things which, if made plain to you, may cause you trouble…” (5:101)
Sahih Bukhari Hadith Number 4622
Narrated Ibn Abbas: Some people were asking Allah’s Messenger (peace be upon him) questions mockingly. A man would say, “Who is my father?” Another man whose she-camel had gone astray would say, “Where is my she-camel?” So Allah revealed this Verse in this connection: “O you who believe! Ask not about things which, if made plain to you, may cause you trouble.” (5:101)
(13) Allah has not instituted things like Bahirah or a Sa’ibah, or a Wasilah or a Ham…” (5:103)
Sahih Bukhari Hadith Number 4623
Narrated Sa’id bin Al-Musaiyab: Bahira is a she-camel whose milk is kept for the idols and nobody is allowed to milk it. Sa’iba was the she-camel which they used to set free for their gods and nothing was allowed to be carried on it. Abu Huraira said: Allah’s Messenger (peace be upon him) said, “I saw Amr bin Amir Al-Khuza’i (in a dream) dragging his intestines in the Fire, and he was the first person to establish the tradition of setting free the animals (for the sake of their deities).” Wasila is the she-camel which gives birth to a she-camel as its first delivery, and then gives birth to another she-camel as its second delivery. People in the Pre-Islamic period of ignorance used to let that she-camel loose for their idols if it gave birth to two she-camels successively without giving birth to a male camel in between. Ham was the male camel which was used for copulation. When it had finished the number of copulations assigned for it, they would let it loose for their idols and excuse it from burdens so that nothing would be carried on it, and they called it the Hami. Abu Huraira said, “I heard the Prophet (peace be upon him) saying so.”
Sahih Bukhari Hadith Number 4624
Narrated Aisha: Allah’s Messenger (peace be upon him) said, “I saw Hell and its different portions were consuming each other and saw Amr dragging his intestines in it, and he was the first person to establish the tradition of letting animals loose (for the idols).”
(14) “And I was a witness over them while I dwelt amongst them; but when You took me up, You were the Watcher over them, and You are a Witness to all things.” (5:117)
Sahih Bukhari Hadith Number 4625
Narrated Ibn Abbas: Allah’s Messenger (peace be upon him) delivered a sermon and said, “O people! You will be gathered before Allah barefooted, naked and not circumcised.” Then quoting the Qur’an he said: “As We began the first creation, We shall repeat it. A promise We have undertaken: Truly We shall do it.” (21:104) The Prophet (peace be upon him) then said, “The first of the human beings to be dressed on the Day of Resurrection will be Abraham. Lo! Some men from my followers will be brought and then the angels will drive them to the left side (Hell-Fire). I will say, ‘O my Lord! They are my companions!’ Then a reply will come from Almighty Allah, ‘You do not know what they did after you.’ I will say as the pious slave, the Prophet Jesus (peace be upon him), said: ‘And I was a witness over them while I dwelt amongst them. When You took me up, You were the Watcher over them and You are a Witness to all things.’ (5:117) Then it will be said, ‘These people have continued to be apostates since you left them.'”
(15) Allah’s Statement: “If You punish them, they are Your slaves…” (5:118)
Sahih Bukhari Hadith Number 4626
Narrated Ibn Abbas: The Prophet (peace be upon him) said, “You will be gathered on the Day of Resurrection and some people will be driven by the angels to the left side and taken to Hell. Thereupon I will say as the pious slave, Jesus (peace be upon him), said: ‘And I was a witness over them while I dwelt amongst them. When You took me up, You were the Watcher over them and You are a Witness to all things. If You punish them, they are Your slaves, and if You forgive them, verily You, only You, are the All-Mighty, the All-Wise.'” (5:117-118)
(6) Surat al-An’am (Cattle)
(1) “And with Him are the keys of the Ghaib (all that is hidden); none knows them but He…” (6:59)
Sahih Bukhari Hadith Number 4627
Narrated Abdullah: Allah’s Messenger (peace be upon him) said, “The keys of the Unseen are five: Verily with Allah alone is the knowledge of the Hour. He sends down the rain and knows what is in the wombs. No soul knows what it will earn tomorrow, and no soul knows in what land it will die. Verily, Allah is All-Knower, All-Aware.” (31:34)
(2) Allah’s Statement: “Say: He has power to send torment on you from above…” (6:65)
Sahih Bukhari Hadith Number 4628
Narrated Jabir: When this verse was revealed: “Say: He has power to send torment on you from above” (6:65), Allah’s Messenger (peace be upon him) said, “O Allah! I seek refuge with Your Face (from this punishment).” And when the verse: “…or send torment from below your feet” was revealed, Allah’s Messenger (peace be upon him) said, “O Allah! I seek refuge with Your Face (from this punishment).” But when there was revealed: “…or confuse you in party strife and make you to taste the violence of one another” (6:65), Allah’s Messenger (peace be upon him) said, “This is lighter, or this is easier.”
(3) Allah’s Statement: “It is those who believe and confuse not their belief with wrong…” (6:82)
Sahih Bukhari Hadith Number 4629
Narrated Abdullah: When “…and confuse not their belief with wrong” (6:82) was revealed, the Prophet’s companions said, “Which of us has not done wrong?” Then there was revealed: “Verily joining others in worship with Allah is a tremendous wrong indeed.” (31:13)
(4) Allah’s Statement: “…And Yunus (Jonah) and Lut (Lot), and each one of them We preferred above the Al-‘Alamin (mankind and jinn of their times)” (6:86)
Sahih Bukhari Hadith Number 4630
Narrated Ibn Abbas: The Prophet (peace be upon him) said, “Nobody has the right to say that I am better than Jonah bin Matta.”
Sahih Bukhari Hadith Number 4631
Narrated Abu Huraira: The Prophet (peace be upon him) said, “Nobody has the right to say that I am better than Jonah bin Matta.”
(5) Allah’s Statement: “They are those whom Allah had guided. So, follow their guidance…” (6:90)
Sahih Bukhari Hadith Number 4632
Narrated Mujahid: He asked Ibn Abbas, “Is there a prostration in Surat al-Sa’d?” (38:24) Ibn Abbas said, “Yes,” and then recited: “We gave… So follow their guidance” (6:85, 90). Then he said, “He (David) is one of them (i.e., those prophets).” Mujahid said: I asked Ibn Abbas regarding the above verse, and he said, “Your Prophet (Muhammad, peace be upon him) was one of those who were ordered to follow them.”
(6) Allah’s Statement: “And unto those who are Jews, We forbade every (animal) with undivided hoof…” (6:146)
Sahih Bukhari Hadith Number 4633
Narrated Jabir bin Abdullah: The Prophet (peace be upon him) said, “May Allah curse the Jews! When Allah forbade them to eat the fat of animals, they melted it and sold it, and utilized its price.”
(7) Allah’s Statement: “…Come not near to Al-Fawahish (shameful sins, illegal sexual intercourse), whether committed openly or secretly…” (6:151)
Sahih Bukhari Hadith Number 4634
Narrated Abu Wail: Abdullah bin Mas‘ud said, “None has more sense of ghaira (protective jealousy) than Allah; therefore He prohibits shameful sins (illegal sexual intercourse, etc.), whether committed openly or secretly. And none loves to be praised more than Allah does, and for this reason He praises Himself.” I asked Abu Wail, “Did you hear it from Abdullah?” He said, “Yes.” I said, “Did Abdullah ascribe it to Allah’s Messenger (peace be upon him)?” He said, “Yes.”
The Statement of Allah: “Say: ‘Bring forward your witnesses…” (6:150)
Sahih Bukhari Hadith Number 4635
Narrated Abu Huraira:
Allah’s Messenger (peace be upon him) said, “The Hour will not be established until the sun rises from the West. And when the people see it, then whoever will be living on the surface of the earth will have faith, and that is the time when no good will it do to a soul to believe then, if it believed not before.” (6:158)
“The day that some of the signs of your Lord do come, no good will it do to a person to believe…” (6:158)
Sahih Bukhari Hadith Number 4636
Narrated Abu Huraira:
Allah’s Messenger (peace be upon him) said, “The Hour will not be established till the sun rises from the West. And when it rises from the West and the people see it, they all will believe. And that is the time when no good will it do to a soul to believe then.” Then he recited the whole Verse (6:158).
The Statement of Allah: “Say (O Muhammad): ‘(But) the things that my Lord has indeed forbidden are Al-Fawahish (great evil sins, every kind of unlawful sexual intercourse) whether committed openly or secretly.'” (7:33)
Sahih Bukhari Hadith Number 4637
Narrated Abdullah bin Masud:
Allah’s Messenger (peace be upon him) said, “None has more sense of ghaira (protective jealousy) than Allah, and for this He has forbidden shameful sins whether committed openly or secretly. And none loves to be praised more than Allah does, and this is why He praises Himself.”
“And when Musa (Moses) came at the time and place appointed by Us, and his Lord spoke to him, he said, ‘O my Lord! Show me (Yourself) that I may look upon You.” (7:143)
Sahih Bukhari Hadith Number 4638
Narrated Abu Sa’id Al-Khudri:
A man from the Jews, having been slapped on his face, came to the Prophet (peace be upon him) and said, “O Muhammad! A man from your companions from the Ansar has slapped me on my face!” The Prophet (peace be upon him) said, “Call him.” When they called him, the Prophet (peace be upon him) said, “Why did you slap him?” He said, “O Allah’s Messenger (peace be upon him)! While I was passing by the Jews, I heard him saying, ‘By Him Who selected Moses above the human beings,’ I said, ‘Even above Muhammad?’ I became furious and slapped him on the face.” The Prophet (peace be upon him) said, “Do not give me superiority over the other prophets, for on the Day of Resurrection the people will become unconscious and I will be the first to regain consciousness. Then I will see Moses holding one of the legs of the Throne. I will not know whether he has come to his senses before me or that the shock he had received at the Mountain during his worldly life was sufficient for him.”
Manna and Quails
Sahih Bukhari Hadith Number 4639
Narrated Sa’id Ibn Zaid:
The Prophet (peace be upon him) said, “Al-Kam’a is like the Mann (sweet resin or gum) in that it grows naturally without human care, and its water is a cure for eye diseases.”
“Say (O Muhammad): ‘O mankind, verily, I am sent to you all as the Messenger of Allah…'” (7:158)
Sahih Bukhari Hadith Number 4640
Narrated Abu Ad-Darda:
There was a dispute between Abu Bakr and Umar, and Abu Bakr made Umar angry. So Umar left angrily. Abu Bakr followed him, requesting him to ask forgiveness of Allah for him, but Umar refused and closed his door in Abu Bakr’s face. So Abu Bakr went to Allah’s Messenger (peace be upon him) while they were with him. Allah’s Messenger (peace be upon him) said, “This friend of yours must have quarrelled with somebody.” In the meantime, Umar repented and felt sorry for what he had done, so he came, greeted those present, and sat with the Prophet (peace be upon him) and related the story to him. Allah's Messenger (peace be upon him) became angry and Abu Bakr said, "O Allah's Messenger! By Allah, I was more at fault than Umar.” The Prophet (peace be upon him) said, “Are you leaving for me my companion? When I said, ‘O people, I am sent to you all as the Messenger of Allah,’ you said, ‘You tell a lie,’ while Abu Bakr said, ‘You have spoken the truth.'”
Reference: Sahih al-Bukhari 4640, In-book reference: Book 65, Hadith 162
( Allah’s Saying: “And say… Hittatun…” (7:161)
Sahih Bukhari Hadith Number 4641
Narrated Abu Huraira:
Allah’s Messenger (peace be upon him) said, “It was said to the children of Israel, ‘Enter the gate in prostration and say Hittatun. We shall forgive you your faults.’ But they changed Allah’s Order and entered dragging themselves on their buttocks and said, ‘Habatun (a grain) in a Sha’ratin (hair).'”
“Show forgiveness, enjoin what is good, and turn away from the foolish” (7:199)
Sahih Bukhari Hadith Number 4642
Narrated Ibn Abbas: 'Uyaina bin Hisn bin Hudhaifa came and stayed with his nephew Al-Hurr bin Qais, who was one of those whom Umar kept near him, as the Qurra’ were the learned men attending Umar's meetings. 'Uyaina asked his nephew to get permission to see Umar. Al-Hurr requested permission, and Umar admitted him. When 'Uyaina entered, he said, "O son of Al-Khattab! By Allah, you neither give us sufficient provision nor judge among us with justice." Umar became furious and intended to harm him, but Al-Hurr said, “O chief of the Believers! Allah said to His Prophet: ‘Hold to forgiveness; command what is right; and leave (don’t punish) the foolish’ (7:199), and this is one of the foolish.” By Allah, `Umar did not disregard the verse when Al-Hurr recited it before him; he observed the orders of Allah’s Book strictly.
Commentary on “Hold to forgiveness; command what is right…”
Sahih Bukhari Hadith Number 4643
Narrated `Abdullah bin Az-Zubair:
The verse “Hold to forgiveness; command what is right” was revealed by Allah except in connection with the character of the people.
Allah ordered His Prophet to forgive people’s misbehavior
Sahih Bukhari Hadith Number 4644
Narrated `Abdullah bin Az-Zubair:
Allah ordered His Prophet (peace be upon him) to forgive the people their misbehavior towards him.
The Statement of Allah: “They ask you (O Muhammad) about Al-Anfal (the spoils of war)…” (8:1)
Sahih Bukhari Hadith Number 4645
Narrated Said bin Jubair: I asked Ibn Abbas regarding Surat al-Anfal. He said, “It was revealed in connection with the Battle of Badr.”
“Verily! The worst of (moving) living creatures with Allah are the deaf and the dumb, those who understand not.” (8:22)
Sahih Bukhari Hadith Number 4646
Narrated Ibn Abbas: Regarding the verse, "Verily! The worst of beasts in the Sight of Allah are the deaf and the dumb—those who understand not" (8:22), the people referred to were some persons from the tribe of Bani Abd-Addar.
“O you who believe! Answer Allah (by obeying Him) and His Messenger…” (8:24)
Sahih Bukhari Hadith Number 4647
Narrated Abu Sa`id bin Al-Mu’alla:
While I was praying, Allah’s Messenger (peace be upon him) passed by and called me, but I did not go to him until I had finished the prayer. Then I went, and he said, “What prevented you from coming? Didn’t Allah say: ‘O you who believe! Answer the call of Allah and His Apostle when He calls you?’ He then said, ‘I will inform you of the greatest Sura in the Qur’an before I leave.’ When Allah’s Messenger (peace be upon him) got ready to leave, I reminded him. He said, “It is: ‘Praise be to Allah, the Lord of the worlds.’ (i.e., Surat al-Fatiha, As-sab’a Al-Mathani—the seven repeatedly recited verses).”
“And (remember) when they said, ‘O Allah! If this (the Qur’an) is indeed the truth from You…'” (8:32)
Sahih Bukhari Hadith Number 4648
Narrated Anas bin Malik:
Abu Jahl said, “O Allah! If this (Qur’an) is indeed the Truth from You, then rain down on us a shower of stones from the sky or bring on us a painful torment.” So Allah revealed: “But Allah would not punish them while you were amongst them, nor He will punish them while they seek Allah’s forgiveness…” (8:33-34)
“And Allah would not punish them while you are amongst them…” (8:33)
Sahih Bukhari Hadith Number 4649
Narrated Anas bin Malik:
Abu Jahl said, “O Allah! If this (Qur’an) is indeed the Truth from You, then rain down on us a shower of stones from the sky or bring on us a painful punishment.” Then the revelation came: “But Allah would not punish them while you (Muhammad) were amongst them, nor will He punish them while they seek Allah’s forgiveness…” (8:33-34)
Reference: Sahih al-Bukhari 4649, In-book reference: Book 65, Hadith 171
“And fight them until there is no more Fitnah… and the religion will be all for Allah…” (8:39)
Sahih Bukhari Hadith Number 4650
Narrated Ibn Umar: A man came to him while two groups of Muslims were fighting and said, "O Abu Abdur Rahman! Don’t you hear what Allah has mentioned in His Book: ‘And if two groups of believers fight against each other…’? So what prevents you from fighting as Allah has mentioned in His Book?” Ibn Umar said, "I would rather be blamed for not fighting because of this verse than to be blamed because of another verse where Allah says: 'And whoever kills a believer intentionally…' (4:93)." Then the man said, "Allah says: 'And fight them until there is no more afflictions and the religion will be all for Allah (Alone).'" Ibn Umar said, “We did this during the lifetime of Allah’s Messenger (peace be upon him) when the number of Muslims was small. At that time, a man was put to trial because of his religion; the pagans would either kill or chain him. But when the Muslims increased, there was no persecution.” When the man saw Ibn Umar did not agree with his proposal, he asked about Ali and Uthman. Ibn Umar said, “As for Uthman, Allah forgave him. And Ali is the cousin and son-in-law of Allah’s Messenger (peace be upon him).” He pointed to `Ali’s daughter’s house.
Ibn `Umar on fighting in Fitnah
Sahih Bukhari Hadith Number 4651
Narrated Said bin Jubair: Ibn Umar came to us, and a man asked, “What do you think about fighting caused by afflictions (‘Qital al-Fitnah’)?” Ibn `Umar replied, “Do you understand what an affliction is? Muhammad (peace be upon him) used to fight against the pagans, and his fighting was an affliction, not like your fighting which is carried on for the sake of ruling.”
“O Prophet (Muhammad)! Urge the believers to fight…” (8:65)
Sahih Bukhari Hadith Number 4652
Narrated Ibn `Abbas:
When the verse “If there are twenty steadfast amongst you, they will overcome two hundred” (8:65) was revealed, it became obligatory that one Muslim should not flee from ten non-Muslims. Sufyan once said, “Twenty Muslims should not flee before two hundred non-Muslims.” Then Allah revealed: “But now Allah has lightened your (task)…” (8:66), so it became obligatory that one hundred Muslims should not flee before two hundred non-Muslims.
“Now that Allah has lightened your (task), for He knows that there is weakness in you…” (8:66)
Sahih Bukhari Hadith Number 4653
Narrated Ibn `Abbas:
When the verse about twenty steadfast Muslims overcoming two hundred non-Muslims was revealed, it was difficult for the Muslims because it was compulsory that one Muslim should not flee before ten non-Muslims. Allah then lightened the order: “Now Allah has lightened your (task) for He knows that there is weakness in you. So if there are one hundred steadfast, they will overcome two hundred” (8:66). As the requirement was reduced, the Muslims’ patience and perseverance against the enemy also decreased proportionally.
“Freedom from (all) obligations (is declared) from Allah and His Messenger to those of the Mushrikin with whom you made a treaty.” (9:1)
Sahih Bukhari Hadith Number 4654
Narrated Al-Bara:
The last verse that was revealed was: “They ask you for a legal verdict: Say: Allah directs (thus) about Al-Kalalah (those who leave no descendants or ascendants as heirs).” The last Sura revealed was Bara’a (9).
“So travel freely (O Mushrikün) for four months… but know that you cannot escape Allah, and Allah will disgrace the disbelievers.” (9:2)
Sahih Bukhari Hadith Number 4655
Narrated Humaid bin Abdur-Rahman: Abu Huraira said, "During the Hajj when Abu Bakr was the chief of the pilgrims, Abu Bakr sent me along with announcers on the Day of Nahr in Mina to proclaim: 'No pagan shall perform Hajj after this year, and none shall perform the Tawaf around the Kaba in a naked state.’ The Prophet (peace be upon him) then sent Ali bin Abi Talib after Abu Bakr to recite Surat Bara’a aloud in public. Ali recited it before the people at Mina and announced the same decree.”
“And a declaration from Allah and His Messenger… No pagan shall perform Hajj after this year…” (9:3)
Sahih Bukhari Hadith Number 4656
Narrated Humaid bin Abdur Rahman: Abu Huraira said, "Abu Bakr sent me during that Hajj with announcers on the Day of Nahr to declare: 'No pagan shall perform Hajj after this year, and none shall perform Tawaf around the Kaba in a naked state.’ Then the Prophet (peace be upon him) sent Ali bin Abi Talib to recite Surat Bara’a publicly. Ali recited it at Mina and announced the decree to the people.”
“Except those of the Mushrikün with whom you (Muslims) have a treaty…” (9:4)
Sahih Bukhari Hadith Number 4657
Narrated Humaid bin Abdur-Rahman: Abu Huraira said, "Abu Bakr sent me during the Hajj in which he was appointed chief of pilgrims by the Prophet (peace be upon him), in a group of announcers to declare before the people: 'No pagan shall perform Hajj after this year, and none shall perform Tawaf around the Kaba in a naked state.’ Humaid said that the Day of Nahr is called the day of Al-Hajj Al-Akbar (the Greatest Day) because of this announcement.”
“Fight you the leaders of disbelief, for surely their oaths are nothing to them…” (9:12)
Sahih Bukhari Hadith Number 4658
Narrated Zaid bin Wahb:
We were with Hudhaifa and he said, “None remains of the people described by this verse (9:12) except three, and of the hypocrites except four.” A Bedouin asked, “What about those who break into our houses and steal our possessions?” Hudhaifa replied, “Those are Al-Fussaq (rebellious wrongdoers), not disbelievers or hypocrites. Really, none of the hypocrites remain except four, one of whom is very old and feels no cold even if he drinks cold water.”
“…And those who hoard up gold and silver and spend it not in the Way of Allah—announce to them a painful torment.” (9:34)
Sahih Bukhari Hadith Number 4659
Narrated Abu Huraira:
The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) said, “The Kanz (money, the Zakat of which is not paid) of any one of you will appear in the form of a bald-headed poisonous male snake on the Day of Resurrection.”
Sahih Bukhari Hadith Number 4660
Narrated Zaid bin Wahb: I passed by Abu Dhar at Ar-Rabadha and asked him, “What brought you here?” He replied, “We were at Sham and I recited the verse: ‘Those who hoard up gold and silver and do not spend it in the Way of Allah, announce to them a painful torment’ (9:34).” Muawiya said, “This verse is not for us, but for the People of the Scripture.” Abu Dhar replied, “No, it applies to both us (Muslims) and them.”
“On the Day when that (Al-Kanz) will be heated in the fire of Hell, and with it will be branded their foreheads…” (9:35)
Sahih Bukhari Hadith Number 4661
Narrated Khalid bin Aslam:
We went out with Abdullah bin Umar and he said, “This verse was revealed before Zakat was prescribed. When Zakat was ordained, Allah made it a means of purifying one’s wealth.”
“Verily, the number of months with Allah is twelve months… four are sacred…” (9:36)
Sahih Bukhari Hadith Number 4662
Narrated Abu Bakr:
The Prophet (peace be upon him) said, “Time has returned to the state it had when Allah created the Heavens and the Earth; the year is twelve months, four of which are sacred. Three of them are consecutive: Dhul-Qa’da, Dhul-Hijja, and Muharram, and the fourth is Rajab Mudar, which falls between Jumada ath-Thani and Sha’ban.”
“…The second of two, when they were in the cave, and he said to his companion, ‘Be not sad, surely Allah is with us.’” (9:40)
Sahih Bukhari Hadith Number 4663
Narrated Abu Bakr:
I was in the company of the Prophet (peace be upon him) in the cave. Seeing the traces of the pagans, I said, “O Messenger of Allah, if one of them lifts his foot, he will see us.” The Prophet (peace be upon him) said, “What do you think of two, the third of whom is Allah?”
Sahih Bukhari Hadith Number 4664
Narrated Ibn Abi Mulaika: When there was a disagreement between Ibn Az-Zubair and Ibn Abbas, I asked Ibn Abbas about taking the oath of allegiance to Ibn Az-Zubair, considering his noble lineage (son of Az-Zubair, mother Asma’, aunt `Aisha, maternal grandfather Abu Bakr, grandmother Safiya).
Sahih Bukhari Hadith Number 4665
Narrated Ibn Abi Mulaika: There was a disagreement between Ibn Abbas and Ibn Az-Zubair. I asked Ibn Abbas if he wanted to fight Ibn Az-Zubair and thereby make lawful what Allah made unlawful (fighting in Mecca). He said, “Allah forbid! Allah ordained that Ibn Az-Zubair and Banu Umayya would permit fighting, but by Allah, I will never regard it as permissible.” He added that Ibn Az-Zubair was entitled to assume authority due to his noble ancestry and piety, despite being his relative.
Sahih Bukhari Hadith Number 4666
Narrated Ibn Abi Mulaika: We entered upon Ibn Abbas, and he said, "Are you not astonished at Ibn Az-Zubair assuming the caliphate?" I thought to myself to support him and acknowledge his noble traits, even though Abu Bakr and Umar were more entitled. He is of noble lineage, well-versed in Islam and Qur’an, and though he considers himself superior, it is better to be ruled by him than by others.
“…And (for) to attract the hearts of those who have been inclined (towards Islam); and to free the captives…” (9:60)
Sahih Bukhari Hadith Number 4667
Narrated Abu Sa`id:
Something was sent to the Prophet (peace be upon him) and he distributed it among four men, saying, “I want to attract their hearts (to Islam).” A man said, “You have not done justice.” The Prophet (peace be upon him) replied, “From the offspring of this man, some people will renounce the religion.”
Reference: Sahih al-Bukhari 4667, In-book reference: Book 65, Hadith 189
“Those who defame such of the believers who give charity voluntarily…” (9:79)
Sahih Bukhari Hadith Number 4668
Narrated Abu Masud: When we were ordered to give alms, we worked as porters to earn something to give. Abu Aqil brought half a Sa`, another brought more. The hypocrites criticized: “Allah is not in need of this alms,” and “This one gives for show.” Allah then revealed: “Those who criticize such of the Believers who give charity voluntarily and those who have nothing but their exertion” (9:79).
Sahih Bukhari Hadith Number 4669
Narrated Shaqiq: Abu Masud Al-Ansari said, "The Prophet (peace be upon him) ordered us to give alms. One would exert himself to earn one Mud to give in charity, while today one may have one hundred thousand." Shaqiq said this referred to Abu Masud himself.
‘Whether you ask forgiveness for them or not… even seventy times, Allah will not forgive them’ (9:80)
Sahih Bukhari Hadith Number 4670
Narrated Ibn Abbas: When Abdullah bin ‘Ubai died, his son asked the Prophet (peace be upon him) for his shirt to shroud his father and requested the funeral prayer. The Prophet (peace be upon him) rose to pray, but `Umar protested. The Prophet (peace be upon him) said, “Allah has given me the choice: whether I ask forgiveness for them or not, even if I ask seventy times, Allah will not forgive them.” He prayed for him anyway, but later the verses prohibiting prayer for hypocrites (9:84) were revealed.
Sahih Bukhari Hadith Number 4671
Narrated `Umar bin Al-Khattab: When Abdullah bin Ubai bin Salul died, the Prophet (peace be upon him) was called to offer the funeral prayer. Umar objected and reminded him of his prohibitions. The Prophet (peace be upon him) said, “I have been given the choice, and I chose. If I knew that asking forgiveness more than seventy times would benefit him, I would ask more.” Then Allah revealed the verses forbidding prayer for the hypocrites (9:84).
“And never (O Muhammad) pray for any of them who dies, nor stand at his grave.” (9:84)
Sahih Bukhari Hadith Number 4672
Narrated Ibn Umar: When Abdullah bin Ubai died, his son approached the Prophet (peace be upon him) for his shirt and funeral prayer. `Umar protested. The Prophet (peace be upon him) explained that Allah had given him the choice, saying that even if he asked seventy times, Allah would not forgive them. He prayed anyway, but later the verses were revealed forbidding prayer for hypocrites (9:84).
“They will swear by Allah to you (Muslims) when you return to them…” (9:95)
Sahih Bukhari Hadith Number 4673
Narrated Abdullah bin Kab:
I heard Ka`b bin Malik, who remained behind and did not join the battle of Tabuk, say, “By Allah, no blessing has Allah given me better than my guidance to speak the truth to the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him). Otherwise, I would have lied and been ruined like those who lied when Divine Inspiration was revealed: ‘They will swear by Allah to you when you return to them…’ (9:95-96).”
(15) The Statement of Allah “And (there are) others who have acknowledged their sins…” (V.9:102)
Sahih Bukhari Hadith Number 4674
Narrated Samura bin Jundab:
Allah’s Messenger (peace be upon him) said, “Tonight two (visitors) came to me (in my dream) and took me to a town built with gold bricks and silver bricks. There we met men whose half of their bodies looked like the most handsome human beings you have ever seen, and the other half like the ugliest human beings you have ever seen. Those two visitors said to those men, ‘Go and dip yourselves in that river.’ So they dipped themselves therein and then came to us, their ugliness having disappeared and they were in the most handsome shape. The visitors said, ‘The first is the Garden of Eden and that is your dwelling place.’ Then they added, ‘As for those people who were half ugly and half handsome, they were those who mixed good deeds and bad deeds, but Allah forgave them.'”
(16) The Statement of Allah “It is not (proper) for the Prophet (peace be upon him) and those who believe to ask for Allah’s forgiveness for the Mushrikun…” (V.9:113)
Sahih Bukhari Hadith Number 4675
Narrated Al-Musaiyab:
When Abu Talib’s death approached, the Prophet (peace be upon him) went to him while Abu Jahl and Abdullah bin Abi Umaiya were present. The Prophet (peace be upon him) said, "O uncle, say: None has the right to be worshipped except Allah, so that I may argue for your case with it before Allah." On that, Abu Jahl and Abdullah bin Abi Umaiya said, “O Abu Talib! Do you want to renounce `Abdul Muttalib’s religion?” Then the Prophet said, “I will keep on asking (Allah for) forgiveness for you unless I am forbidden to do so.” Then there was revealed: “It is not fitting for the Prophet (peace be upon him) and those who believe that they should invoke (Allah) for forgiveness for pagans even though they be of kin, after it has become clear to them that they are companions of the Fire.”
(17) The Statement of Allah “Allah has forgiven the Prophet, the Muhãjirun and the Ansãr…” (V.9:117)
Sahih Bukhari Hadith Number 4676
Narrated Abdullah bin Kab:
I heard Ka`b bin Malik talking about the Verse: “And to the three (He also forgave) who remained behind.” (9.118) saying in the last portion of his talk, “(I said), ‘As a part (sign) of my repentance, I would like to give up all my property in the cause of Allah and His Apostle.'” The Prophet (peace be upon him) said to me, “Keep some of your wealth as it is good for you.”
(18) And (He did forgive also) the three [who did not join the Tabuk expedition] till for them the earth, vast as it is, was straitened…” (V.9:118)
Sahih Bukhari Hadith Number 4677
Narrated Abdullah bin Kab:
I heard Kab bin Malik who was one of the three who were forgiven, saying that he had never remained behind Allah's Messenger (peace be upon him) in any Ghazwa which he had fought except two: Ghazwat Al-Usra (Tabuk) and Ghazwat Badr. He added, “I decided to tell the truth to Allah’s Messenger (peace be upon him) in the forenoon. The Prophet (peace be upon him) forbade others to speak to me or to my two companions, but he did not prohibit speaking to any of those who had remained behind except us. So the people avoided speaking to us, and I stayed in that state till I could no longer bear it. But Allah revealed His Forgiveness for us to the Prophet (peace be upon him) in the last third of the night. Allah’s Messenger (peace be upon him) said, ‘O Um Salama! Ka`b has been forgiven!’ After Fajr prayer, he announced Allah’s Forgiveness for us.”
(19) “O you who believe! Be afraid of Allah, and be with those who are true (in words and deeds).” (V.9:119)
Sahih Bukhari Hadith Number 4678
Narrated Abdullah bin Kab:
I heard Ka`b bin Malik talking about the story of the battle of Tabuk when he remained behind, “By Allah, I do not know anyone whom Allah has helped for telling the truth more than me since I mentioned that truth to Allah’s Messenger (peace be upon him). I have never intended to tell a lie. And Allah revealed to His Apostle: ‘Verily! Allah has forgiven the Prophet, the Muhajirin… and be with those who are true (in words and deeds).'”
(20) The Statement of Allah “Verily, there has come unto you a Messenger (Muhammad peace be upon him) from amongst yourselves…” (V.9:128)
Sahih Bukhari Hadith Number 4679
Narrated Zaid bin Thabit Al-Ansari:
After heavy casualties among the warriors at the battle of Yamama, Abu Bakr sent for me. Umar was present and urged me to collect the Qur'an to preserve it. I argued, "How can I do something which Allah's Apostle has not done?" Abu Bakr insisted, and Allah opened my heart. I began locating Qur'anic material from parchments, scapula, leaf-stalks of date palms, and the memories of men who knew it by heart. I found with Khuzaima two Verses of Surat-at-Tauba that I had not found with anyone else. The manuscript on which the Qur’an was collected remained with Abu Bakr until Allah took him, then with Umar, and finally with Hafsa, Umar’s daughter.