Volume 4, 57 One-fifth of Booty to the Cause of Allah (Khumus)
Sahih Al-Bukhari Hadith 3113
Chapter : 6 The evidence that confirms that the Khumus (one-fifth of the war booty) is meant for the needs of Allah’s Messenger (peace be upon him) and the poor
Narrated Ali: Fatima complained of what she suffered from the hand mill and from grinding when she got the news that some slave girls of the booty had been brought to Allah’s Messenger (peace be upon him). She went to him to ask for a maid-servant, but she could not find him and told Aisha of her need. When the Prophet (peace be upon him) came, Aisha informed him of that. The Prophet (peace be upon him) came to our house when we had gone to our beds. (On seeing the Prophet) we were going to get up, but he said, “Keep at your places.” I felt the coolness of the Prophet’s feet on my chest. Then he said, “Shall I tell you a thing which is better than what you asked me for? When you go to your beds, say: ‘Allahu Akbar’ (Allah is Greater) for 34 times, and ‘Alhamdulillah’ (all praises are for Allah) for 33 times, and ‘Subhan Allah’ (Glorified be Allah) for 33 times. This is better for you than what you have requested.”
Sahih Al-Bukhari Hadith 3114
Chapter 7: The Statement of Allah: “Verily one-fifth (1/5th) of it is assigned to Allah and to the Messenger (peace be upon him)…” (8:41)
It means that Allah’s Messenger (peace be upon him) had the authority of distributing it (i.e., the fifth share), for Allah’s Messenger (peace be upon him) said, “I am a distributor and a treasurer, and Allah is the Giver.”
Narrated Jabir bin Abdullah: A boy was born to one of our men, the Ansar, and he wanted to name him Muhammad. The Ansari man said, “I took the boy to the Prophet (peace be upon him). The Prophet (peace be upon him) said, ‘Name your child by my name, but do not name (them) by my Kunya, for I have been made Qasim (i.e., a distributor) to distribute (the booty etc.) amongst you.’” The narrator, Husain, said that the Prophet (peace be upon him) said, “I have been sent as a Qasim (i.e., distributor) to distribute (things) amongst you.”
Sahih Al-Bukhari Hadith 3115
Narrated Jabir bin Abdullah Al-Ansari: A man amongst us begot a boy whom he named Al-Qasim. On that, the Ansar said, (to the man), “We will never call you Abu-al-Qasim and will never please you with this blessed title.” So, he went to the Prophet and said, “O Allah’s Messenger (peace be upon him)! I have begotten a boy whom I named Al-Qasim, and the Ansar said, ‘We will never call you Abu-al-Qasim, nor will we please you with this title.'” The Prophet (peace be upon him) said, “The Ansar have done well. Name by my name, but do not name by my Kunya, for I am Qasim.”
Sahih Al-Bukhari Hadith 3116
Narrated Muawiya: Allah’s Messenger (peace be upon him) said, “If Allah wants to do good for somebody, He makes him comprehend the Religion (i.e., Islam), and Allah is the Giver and I am Al-Qasim (i.e., the distributor), and this (Muslim) nation will remain victorious over their opponents till Allah’s Order comes and they will still be victorious.”
Sahih Al-Bukhari Hadith 3117
Narrated Abu Huraira: Allah’s Messenger (peace be upon him) said, “Neither do I give you (anything) nor withhold (anything) from you, but I am just a distributor (i.e., Qasim), and I give as I am ordered.”
Sahih Al-Bukhari Hadith 3118
Narrated Khaula Al-Ansariya: I heard Allah’s Messenger (peace be upon him) saying, “Some people spend Allah’s Wealth (i.e., Muslim’s wealth) in an unjust manner; such people will be put in the (Hell) Fire on the Day of Resurrection.”
Sahih Al-Bukhari Hadith 3119
Chapter 8: The statement of the Prophet (peace be upon him): “Booty has been made legal for you Muslims.”
And the Statement of Allah: “Allah has promised you abundant spoils that you will capture…” (48:20)
So, the booty is for all the Muslim fighters who took part in the battle until Allah’s Messenger (peace be upon him) explained (the details) of those who deserved or not.
Narrated Urwa al-Bariqi: The Prophet (peace be upon him) said, “Horses are always the source of good, namely, rewards (in the Hereafter) and booty, till the Day of Resurrection.”
Sahih Al-Bukhari Hadith 3120
Narrated Abu Huraira: Allah’s Messenger (peace be upon him) said, “When Khosrau is ruined, there will be no Khosrau after him; and when Caesar is ruined, there will be no Caesar after him. By Him in Whose Hands my life is, you will spend their treasures in Allah’s Cause.”
Sahih Al-Bukhari Hadith 3121
Narrated Jabir bin Samura: Allah’s Messenger (peace be upon him) said, “When Khosrau is ruined, there will be no Khosrau after him; and when Caesar is ruined, there will be no Caesar after him. By Him in Whose Hands my life is, you will spend their treasures in Allah’s Cause.”
Sahih Al-Bukhari Hadith 3122
Narrated Jabir bin Abdullah: Allah’s Messenger (peace be upon him) said, “Booty has been made legal for me.”
Sahih Al-Bukhari Hadith 3123
Narrated Abu Huraira: Allah’s Messenger (peace be upon him) said, “Allah guarantees him who strives in His Cause and whose motivation for going out is nothing but Jihad in His Cause and belief in His Word, that He will admit him into Paradise (if martyred) or bring him back to his dwelling place, whence he has come out, with what he gains of reward and booty.”
Sahih Al-Bukhari Hadith 3124
Narrated Abu Huraira: The Prophet (peace be upon him) said, “A prophet among the prophets carried out a military expedition. He said to his followers: ‘No man should accompany me who has married a woman but has not yet consummated the marriage; nor one who has built a house but has not completed its roof; nor one who has sheep or she-camels and is waiting for their offspring.’
He conducted the expedition and when he reached the town at about Asr time, he said to the sun: ‘O sun! You are under Allah’s command and I am under Allah’s command. O Allah! Stop it from setting.’ The sun was stopped until Allah gave him victory.
He collected the booty, but when fire was brought to burn it, the fire would not consume it. He said: ‘Some of you have stolen from the booty. Let one man from each tribe come to pledge allegiance to me by shaking hands.’
When they did this, one man’s hand stuck to the prophet’s hand. The prophet said: ‘The theft was committed by your tribe. Let all your tribesmen come to pledge.’ The hands of two or three men stuck to his hand. He said: ‘You have committed the theft.’
They then brought a golden head shaped like a cow’s head. When they placed it with the booty, the fire came and consumed it all.
The Prophet (peace be upon him) added: ‘Then Allah saw our weakness and made booty lawful for us.'”
Sahih Al-Bukhari Hadith 3125
Chapter 9: The war booty is for those who witness the battles
Narrated Aslam: Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) said, “Were it not for those Muslims who have not yet come into existence, I would have distributed the land of every town I conquer among the fighters, just as the Prophet (peace be upon him) distributed the land of Khaibar.”
Sahih Al-Bukhari Hadith 3126
Chapter 10: If somebody fights for the sake of booty
Narrated Abu Musa Al-Ash’ari: A bedouin asked the Prophet (peace be upon him):
- “One man fights for booty,
- another fights for fame,
- and another fights to show his bravery –
which of these is truly fighting in Allah’s cause?”
The Prophet (peace be upon him) replied:
“He who fights so that Allah’s Word (Islam) may be supreme, he is the one fighting in Allah’s Cause.”
Sahih Al-Bukhari Hadith 3127
Chapter 11: The share of those who are not present at the time (of distribution)
Narrated Abdullah bin Abu Mulaika: Some golden-embroidered silk cloaks were gifted to the Prophet (peace be upon him). He distributed them among his companions but kept one aside for Makhrama bin Naufal.
Later, Makhrama came with his son Al-Miswar and called from the gate. Hearing his voice, the Prophet (peace be upon him) took the cloak and personally brought it to him, saying:
“O Abu-al-Miswar! I saved this for you! O Abu-al-Miswar! I saved this for you!”
(The narrator added that Makhrama was known for his harsh temper.)
Sahih Al-Bukhari Hadith 3128
Chapter 12: How the Prophet (peace be upon him) distributed the properties of Bani Quraiza and Bani An-Nadir
Narrated Anas bin Malik: People used to gift date palms to the Prophet (peace be upon him). After the conquest of Bani Quraiza and Bani An-Nadir, he began returning these gifts to their original owners.